What does mortar typically consist of?

Mortar is a crucial material used in construction, serving as a bonding agent for masonry units such as bricks and stones. The correct composition of mortar typically includes Portland cement, sand, lime, and water. Portland cement acts as the primary binder, providing strength and durability. Sand is mixed in to control the consistency and workability of the mixture, while lime improves the plasticity and increases the water retention, allowing for better adhesion and flexibility. Water is essential for the hydration process, which helps in curing and achieving the desired strength of the final product.

The combination of these materials ensures that mortar has the necessary properties for effective bonding in construction applications. Unlike some other mixtures such as concrete, which would include aggregates and have different purposes and strengths, mortar is specifically formulated for masonry work. This mixture enables it to perform its function effectively in various building applications, making it indispensable in both residential and commercial construction projects.