What are the primary load-bearing portions of a concrete frame constructed building called?

The primary load-bearing portions of a concrete frame constructed building, known as columns, are vertical structural elements designed to support loads from the beams and slabs above. Columns transfer the weight of the structure down to the foundation, distributing the loads evenly to ensure stability and integrity of the building. They are integral in maintaining the overall strength and stability of the structure, allowing for the creation of open spaces in the building design without the need for additional load-bearing walls.

While beams, slabs, and walls contribute to the overall structural system, they serve different functions. Beams support the horizontal loads of slabs and redistribute those loads to the columns. Slabs form the floors and ceilings of the building, providing a surface for occupants and equipment, but they do not directly bear the primary vertical loads in the way that columns do. Walls, particularly in a concrete frame structure, often serve as non-load-bearing elements that provide separation between spaces or support additional loads such as finishes and fixtures. Therefore, the role of columns in bearing loads distinguishes them as the primary load-bearing components.